A theoretical analysis upon the four-dimensional (4D) spatio-temporal temperature dependent dynamics of 888 nm pumped Nd:YVO 4 dual-rod laser is established. which is valid in both continuous-wave (CW) and acousto-optic (AO) Q-switched pulse lasers conditions. Our model can accurately solve the 4D thermal generation and temperature evolution not only in the steady Q-switched state. bu... https://www.mamapaisa.com/product-category/gloss-treatment/